TIEMPO FUTURO

"FUTURE (GOING TO)"

El tiempo futuro con 'going to' se usa más comúnmente en el lenguaje hablado cuando se desea hacer referencia del futuro inmediato, a algo que está por ocurrir.

Ejemplo:

It's going to rain!
¡Va a llover! (algo que está por ocurrir)

También se utiliza para hablar sobre intenciones en el futuro.

Ejemplo:

I'm going to learn English.
Voy a aprender inglés. (intención)

Se forma con el verbo TO BE conjugado para la persona correspondiente, seguido de GOING TO y el verbo base.

Ejemplos:

• Forma Afirmativa

I'm going to read in book of story
you're going to learn clsses of piano
he's going to study English at university
she's going to have lunch
it's going to rain in the afternoon
we're going to sell a house
you're going to eat cake of chocolate
they're going to travel of France
I’m going to come home late
she's gonig to work in a bank

• Forma Negativa

I'm not going to read in book of story
you aren't going to learn clsses of piano
he isn't going to study English at university
she isn't going to have lunch
it isn't going to rain in the afternoon
we aren't going to sell a house
you aren't going to eat cake of chocolate
they aren't going to travel of France
I’m not going to come home late
she isn't gonig to work in a bank

• Forma Interrogativa

am I going to read in book of story?
are you going to learn clsses of piano?
is he going to study English at university?
is she going to have lunch?
is it going to rain in the afternoon?
is we going to sell a house?
are you going to eat cake of chocolate?
are they going to travel of France?
am I going to come home late?
is she gonig to work in a bank?



"FUTURE (WILL)"

El Futuro Simple es un tiempo verbal que se utiliza para describir acciones que se van a desarrollar en el futuro sin necesidad de aclarar en que momento se producirán.

Este tiempo verbal utiliza para su construcción el auxiliar WILL seguido del verbo principal en infinitivo.
En su forma contraída se utiliza de esta forma: I'll, you'll, he'll, she'll, it'll, we'll, they'll.

• Forma Afirmativa

Ejemplos: con will y en forma contraída

I will walk in the park ------------- I'll walk in the park
you will the give eat the mascot ------------ you'll the give eat the mascot
he will run by afternoon today ------------- he'll run by afternoon today
she will continue with the class ------------ she'll continue with the class
it will take flight in a momen t------------- it'll take flight in a moment
we will care the baby in the night -------------- we'll care the baby in the night
you will sing in the party tomorrow -------------- you'll sing in the party tomorrow
they will play the today ---------------- they'll play the today
cesar will see his car the workshop
sofi will win a prize

• Forma Negativa

Ejemplos: con will y en forma contraída

I will not leave smoking ----------- I won't leave smoking
you will not dance in the track ---------- you won't dance in the track
he will not marry on two years ---------- he won't marry on two years
she will not talk of a story very sad ----------- she won't talk of a story very sad
it will not eat seed of sunflower ------------ it won't eat seed of sunflower
we will not charge a scholarship within a month --------- we won't charge a scolarship
you will not scare his friends ----------- you won't scare his friends
they will travel of Sudafrica ----------- they won't travel of Sudafrica
I probably will not go to the premiere of the movie
Francis will not graduate the next years

• Forma Interrogativa

Ejemplos:

will I museum tomorrow?
will you come within a month?
will he get his ticket or travel?
will she buy shoes for go to the party ?
will she eat fish the weekend?
will it fly on the trees?
will we play letters in the casino?
will you help of the disabled?
will they go to a interview work?
will I wait a present the today of my birthday?



"FUTURE CODICIONALES"

"IF" hace las funciones del SI

Nota siempre una oracion con condicional debe llevar if


Condicional "0" para cosas reales o cientificas

If I thow a aplee up always will fall, for the law of the gravity
If you freeze water, it turns into ice.
If I work too much, I get tired.
If she eats hamburgers, she gets an allergy.
If they come here, they always bring a present.
If she doesn't know the answer, she keeps silent.
If we don't go out on Saturdays, we rent a video and stay home.


Condicional "1" para cosas posibles (probables), se forma de presente y futuro

If I will be happy if warry with me
If I have money, I will buy a car
If she makes up, will look very nice
If I do exercise will lose weight
If you buy a dog, your house will be safer
If he is busy now, I will come back tomorrow.
If I have time, I'll visit my parents this afternoon.
If he doesn't do his homework, he can not go to the party.


Condicional "2" para cosas hipoteticas

If he was smart, he'd leave town right away.
If he became President, it would result in the destruction of the planet.
If I was rich, I'd buy a ranch in Texas and raise cattle.
If your father found out, he'd be really angry.
If I had known, I would have helped.
If we had listened to our parents, we wouldn't be in this situation.
If I had known there were snakes in the water, I wouldn't have gotten in.
If I had know about that, I never would have married him.

TAREA: CLASIFICACIÓN DE COGNADOS

CLASIFICARLOS DE ACUERDO A LA FUNCIÓN GRAMATICAL QUE CORRESPONDA:

• SUSTANTIVO
• ADJETIVO
• VERVO
• ADVERBIO

2da Tarea de Ingles

1.-PRESENTE SIMPLE

El presente simple puede expresar una acción que ocurre en el presente.Se utiliza
para hablar de acciones habituales, genéricas, que tienen lugar con cierta frecuencia, sin hacer referencia a sí en el momento actual que se están realizando.

Cuando se trate de la tercera persona (he, she), se debe agregar una "s"

Ejemplo:

I eat fish - yo como pescado
I talk Spanish - yo hablo español
you dance - tú bailas
he works - él trabaja
he jumps - él salta
she drinks wine - ella bebe vino
she sleeps - ella duerme
we run - nosotros corremos
you walk - vosotros (sutedes) caminamos
they see - ellos ven
they drink milk - ellos beben leche

• para expresar hechos o verdades generales.

ejemplo:

the sea is salty - el mar es salado
the rain moinstens tha earth - la lluvia humedece la tierra
the moon shines at night - la luna brilla por la noche
the Fire burns - el fuego quema
the wind blows - el viento sopla

También se usa el presente simple para hablar de hábitos, en este caso en la oración suele aparecer expresiones de frecuencia, como usually (ocasionalmente) o always (siempre).

Ejemplo:

I defend my mom always ----- yo defiendo a mi mama siempre
you walk in the park always ----- tu caminas en el parque siempre
he runs usually ----- el corre ocasionalmente
she eats fish usually ----- ella come pescado ocasionalmente
We play tennis usually ----- Nosotros jugamos al tenis ocasionalmente
You study always ----- Vosotros (ustedes) estudian siempre
they talk of girl always ----- ellos hablan de chicas siempre

"Tambien se hace para expresar horariorios o programas"

Ejemplo:

The bus leaves in an hour - el autobus llega en una hora
the program of children begins in a hour - el programa para niños comienza en una hora

• Reglas ortográficas para la 3ra persona del singular

Como regla general, a la forma verbal de la 3ra persona del singular se le añade s; no obstante, existen unas cuantas reglas para una serie de formas verbales que son especiales.


Cuando el verbo acaba en s, o en un sonido parecido como sh, ch o x, o: al formar
la 3ra persona del singular se le añade "es".

Ejemplo:

to watch - (mirar)
to go - (ir)
to do - (hacer)
to dash - (arrojar)


he watches
he teaches
she finishes
she does
it dashes
it goes

Si el verbo termina en "y" tras consonante, al formar la 3ra persona del singular se sustituye esta "y" por una "i", seguida de la terminación "es".

fly - flies (volar)
study - studies (estudiar)
carry - carries (llevar)
worry - worries (preocuparse)
buy - buies (comprar)
fly - flies (volar)

he flies
he buies
she estudies
she worries
it carries
it flies

• Presente Simple Negativo

Las oraciones negativas se forman con el auxiliar "to do", habitualmente en sus formas contraídas: "don´t" (= do not) para las personas "I, you, we, they", y "doesn´t" (= does not) para las personas "he, she, it".

I'm don't fly in a plane ----- yo no vuelo en un avión
I don't play tennis ----- yo no juego al tenis
you don't study english ----- tu no estudias inglés
he doesn´t watches the sky ----- el no mira el cielo
she doesn´t buies a bag ----- ella no compra un bolso
it doesn't purrs in the sofa ----- el no ronronea en el sofá
it doesn't flies in the sky ----- el no vuela en el cielo
we don´t do cake ----- nosotros nohacemos pastel
you don´t play in the park ----- vosotros no jugamos en el parque
they don´t talk Spanish ----- ellos no hablan español

• Presente Interrogativo

La forma interrogativa se forma también con el auxiliar "to do" al comienzo de la oración ("do" con las personas "I, you, we, they"; "does" con "he, she, it").

do I fly in plane? ---- ¿ vuelo en un avión?
do you play tennis ---- ¿ juegas tu al tenis?
does he watches the sky ---- ¿mira él, el cielo?
does she buies a bag ---- ¿compra ella un bolso?
does it purrs in the sofa ---- ¿ronronea el en el sofá?
do we do cake ---- ¿hacemos (nosotros) pastel?
do you play in the park ---- ¿juegan vosotros (ustedes) en el parque?
do they talk Spanish ---- ¿hablan ellos español?
does he drinks wine ---- ¿bebe el vino?
does she eats fish ---- ¿come ella pescado?


2.- PRESENTE PROGRESIVO O CONTINUO

El presente progresivo o presente continuo es un tiempo verbal que se utiliza para expresar acciones que suceden en el mismo momento en que se está hablando.

El presente progresivo o gerundio equivale en español a las terminaciones, ando, endo. Este se forma añadiendo "ing" al verbo principal.

Como regla general, para formar el gerundio tenemos que añadir el sufijo ing a la forma base del infinitivo (forma infinitiva sin to).

to listen (escuchar) - listening (escuchando)
to hear (escuchar) - hearing (escuchando)

Cuando la palabra acaba en una "e" donde le antecede una consonante, hay que sustituir esa "e" por "i" y después "ng".

to come (venir) - coming (viniendo)
to write (escribir) - writing (escribiendo)

Si el verbo que queremos pasar al gerundio tiene una sola sílaba, con una única vocal y además finaliza en una sola consonante; se tiene que repetir la consonante final.

to cut (cortar) - cutting (viniendo)
to sit (sentarse) - sitting (escribiendo)

Existe una regla similar a la anterior, y es que si el verbo tiene más de una sílaba y el acento recae sobre la última, tenemos que repetir la última consonante cuando tengamos una sola vocal y única consonante en la última sílaba.

to admit (admitir) - admitting (admitiendo)
to begin (empezar) - beginning (empezando)

Por último, si el verbo termina por "l", y va detrás de una única vocal; esta "l" se tiene que repetir.

to cancel (cancelar) - cancelling (admitiendo)
to impel (impulsar) - impelling (impulsando)


Ejemplos:

I am drinking coffee - yo estoy bebiendo cafe
I am cutting a ribbon - yo estoy cortando un listón
you are eating - tu estas comiendo
you are dancing - tu estas bailando
he is losing - el está perdiendo
he is looking the sky - el está mirando el cielo
she is counting flower - ella está contando flores
she is changing the channel - ella está cambiando de canal
we are running for the park - nosotros estamos corriendo por el parque
we are wishing to eat melon - nosotros estamos deseando comer melón
you are working - vosotros (ustedes) estan trabajando
you are openning the window - vosotros (ustedes) estan abriendo la ventana
they are sleeping in the sofa - ellos estan durmiendo en el sofá
they are beginning to sing - ellos estan empezando a cantar


3.- Presente Perfecto

Es un tiempo verbal que se utiliza para referirnos a acciones que suceden en un pasado reciente y que guardan alguna relación con el presente

Se forma con el verbo "have" (haber) o "has" para la 3ra persona (he, she,it) y el pasado participio.

"Contracciones del have"

I have -- I've
you have -- you've
he has, she has, it has -- he's, she's, it's
we have -- we've
you have -- yo've
they have -- they've

• "Afirmativo"

Sujeto + have/has + pasado participio

Ejemplos:

I've walked three kilometers
you've bought a red car
he's studied lenguajes
she's been in Europe
it's eaten grass
we've traveled for all the country
you've educated their children very well
they've sold their properties

Present perfect con "for" y "since"

"For" y "since" sirven para delimitar el tiempo de la acción del verbo.
"For" significa durante y "since", desde.

I've lived in Villahermosa for seven years
he's danced for two hours
we've played soccer since many years

• "Negativo"

Sujeto + have/has +not+ pasado participio

Enforma contraída
I have not --- I haven't
you have not --- you haven't
he has not, she has not, it has not --- he hasn't, she hasn't, it hasn't
we have not --- we haven't
you have not --- yo haven't
they have not --- they haven't

Ejemplos:

I haven't walked three kilometers
you haven't bought a red car
he hasn't studied lenguajes
she hasn't been in Europe
it hasn't eaten grass
we haven't traveled for all the country
you haven't educated their children very well
they haven't sold their properties
I haven't lived in Villahermosa for seven years
he hasn't danced for two hours
we haven't played soccer since many years

• "Interrogativo"

have/has+sujeto+pasado participio

Ejemplos:

have I walked three kilometers?
have you bought a red car?
has he studied lenguajes?
has she been in Europe?
has it eaten grass?
have we traveled for all the country?
have you educated their children very well?
have they sold their properties?
have I lived in Villahermosa for seven years?
has he danced for two hours?
have we played soccer since many years?



4.- SKIMMING

• 1er párrafo

(Fortune) -- Just two days after its nationwide launch, the KFC Double Down is a media sensation. The sandwich is a visual pun: In lieu of bread, there are two slabs of fried -- or grilled -- chicken encasing a filling of bacon, waxen cheese, and the "Colonel's sauce." The flavor and texture of the chicken is redolent of the meat at Chick-fil-A, with an aftertaste that can only be described as salty. With its craggy exterior and palate of primary colors, the Double Down resembles a castoff from Sesame Street. It looks like it's smiling at you, as though it were in on the joke of its existence.

Despues de dos dias de su lanzamiento nacional kfc es una sensación de los medios, el emparedado en lugar de pan hay dos partes fritas, asado a la parrilla contiene tocino y queso encerado, y salsa del coronel. El sabor y la textuta del pollo es fragante, se puede describir que es asado.

• Último párrafo

The Double Down isn't KFC's first "handheld" -- industry parlance for a food item that's portable, like an iPod -- but its staging suggests that the chain hopes to gain traction on the sandwich front. Michael Solomon, a professor of marketing at Saint Joseph's University, says the Double Down is an explicit market-share grab. Fast food customers aren't "sticky," he says, which means they're easier to shake loose from their brands, unlike cereal and soda devotees. "To unfreeze loyalty to other brands and categories -- that's the holy grail."

El doble abajo no es primero de kfc si no de la industria de alimento que es portable como una computadora de mano, Michael Solomon profesor de la comercialización, dice que el doble abajo o emparedado es un gancho de la cuota del mercado, los clientes de los alimentos de preparacón rápida no son pegajosos, el dice que los medios son mas faciles de sacudir a otras marcas de fábrica que los del cereal y de la soda, para desbloquear a otras marcas de fabricas y categorias.

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1ra Tarea de Ingles

ELEMENTOS PRINCIPALES DE LA ORACIÓN
Sujeto
Verbo
Objeto
Objeto Indirecto


Marian gave to Rubi doll
---S------V------ OI---O

the perrro arturo is very nice
-------S-----OI------------ V

Carlos will present flowers to his girlfriend
---S-----------V------- O------------- OI

Gonzalo gave him a book
----S------V-----------O

the boy ate cake
-----S---V---O

the man kicket a ball
------S-----V------O

the dog barks lot
-----S-----V

the girl likes shoes
-----S----V----O

the children likes sweet
--------S------V-----O

A woman hit a cat
------S-----V---O



COGNADOS
Los cognados son palabras parecidas en español.
Se clasifican de esta manera:

PREGUNTAS EN INGLES
El pronombre o adjetivo interrogativo va en primer lugar, al igual que en español

Preguntas con Prepocición

Where is the school?
what school you?
Who cares?
the children won the game?
where you live?

preguntas acerca de las personas: who? (¿quién?) who(m)? (¿a quién?) whose? (¿de quién?) which? (¿Cúal?) what? (¿qué?) which? (¿Cúal?) where? (¿Dónde?) why? (¿por qué?) when? (¿cuándo?) how? (¿cómo?).

how old are you?
whose is this house?
how many are there in the beach?
why you a geniun?
when come my house?
where live your sister?


Los artículos: A (AN) y THE

indefinido: singular " a (an)"
uno,una

Definido:plural y singular "the"
la, el, las, los

Ejemplos:

a stain on my blouse
a party crazy
a horse white
an obsesion
an obese
the gorilla is black
the dogs bark
the groom of my friend
the pig
the pigs

Sustantivos contables y no contables

Contables: son aquellos que designan realidades que se pueden aislar y contar.
No contables: son aquellos que nombran sustancias o materias que no se pueden contar.

Ejemplos:

a car red = contable
the book of library = contable
a beautifull woman = contable
a rabbit white= contables
the dwan is very nice= no contables
the oil is very productive= no contable
the milk of cow is nutritious= no contable
you are adorable= no contable
the beach is radiant= no contable

Adjetivos descriptivos

Estos se pueden describir de esta forma:

Tamaño
Forma
Edad
Color
Origen
Material

Ejemplo:

the black cat
is your intelligent friend
The fat man
a large table
she is brunette woman
four red stools
the of long hair cristina
a brown German leather bag
a lovely 19th century glass vase
an antique silver sugar pot

Pronombres personales



Ejemplos

it is a horse large
yours the is wrist
you are good people
they are arrogant
she is beatifull
my name is Sebastiana
I am twenty nine years old
You live in Barcelona
She has got a dog
He makes the bed every morning
It runs inside the house
We sing a good song at the disco
They write an e-mail to the teacher


Sustantivos en Plural y singular

Generalmente, puedes transferir sustantivos en inglés muy fácilmente en sus formas plurales. Simplemente debes agregar una (s) o (es) al final de la palabra.

La terminación (es), es utilizada si una (s) simple suena demasiado áspero

Cuando el sustantivo presenta una de las siguientes terminaciones forma el plural añadiendo es

Ejemplo:

the fox - the foxes
the focus - the focuses
the beach - the beaches
the church - the churches
the flight - the flights
the daughter - the daughters

el artículo definido 'the' es utilizado tanto para sustantivos singulares como plurales

Los sustantivos que terminan en (y) forman el plural cambiando la (y) por una (i) latina, agregando (es).

Ejemplo:

the city - the cities
the country - the countries
the body - the bodies
the cherry - the cherries
the strawberry the strawberries
the baby - the babies



Hay una excepción para la regla anterior: Si una vocal se encuentra antes de la Y se agrega una S para crear la forma plural:

the donkey - the donkeys
the boy - the boys